Swedish police and the Coast Guard swooped down on Friday afternoon, March 6, on a small cargo ship sailing through its territorial waters on suspicion that the ship was operating without a proper registry. As the investigation has progressed, the police reported on Saturday that they have arrested one crewmember, and the investigation is now being directed by the prosecutor’s office.
The Coast Guard reported during a press conference that it had been tracking the ship for “some time” under the suspicion it was stateless. The ship named Caffa (4,337 dwt) reported it was traveling from Casablanca to St. Petersburg, and the Coast Guard said once it entered Swedish territorial waters, they decided to act, implementing operation “Black Coffee.” The boarding took place from a helicopter and a high-speed boat approaching from the stern, and the Swedish authorities detained the ship for an investigation.
“It is serious that ships sailing in Swedish waters, and in our territorial waters, have such deficiencies that they pose a threat to maritime safety and maritime traffic, our shipping lanes and ports, and, not least, to the environment,” said Daniel Stenling, Deputy Chief of Operations at the Coast Guard. “The findings we have made on board strengthen our suspicions and our view that there are extensive deficiencies on the vessel linked to its operation and activities.”
The Coast Guard said one crewmember was arrested and taken ashore for what it called a “serious crime,” without providing details on the person’s position aboard the ship or nationality. The ship has a crew of 11, which it said is mostly Russian. They said the crewmember is suspected of violating maritime safety laws and using a false document.
The Police Special Intervention Unit and members of the Coast Guard landed a helicopter on the deck of the small cargo ship while it was underway offshore near Trelleborg on the Baltic Coast. Other officers climbed the stern from a speedboat. The boarding took place around 1550 on Friday, March 6.
They initially reported the ship was being investigated for violations of maritime law, highlighting that without a legitimate flag, it was not an “innocent passage” through Swedish territorial waters, as there was no flag state to vouch for the vessel’s safety and seaworthiness. A Coast Guard spokesperson said they were checking the condition of the ship, determining if the crew had the right skills, and if there was valid insurance. The investigation was reported to be focusing on the seaworthiness of the vessel in the sense of meeting international requirements.
The Swedish Minister of Civil Defense, Carl-Oskar Bohlin, said they were seeking to determine if the vessel “meets the requirements for navigating in our waters.” He noted that, in addition to a false flag, the ownership structure is unclear, and Ukraine had sanctioned the vessel for transporting stolen grain. He noted that the ship last year reported changing from a Russian to a Guinean flag.
Built in 1997, the ship had been registered in Russia since 2017, but reported a change of ownership to a corporation in the Seychelles in 2025 and claimed to be registered in Guinea. The registry is listed by Equasis as false. The ship had its classification withdrawn in June 2025 by the Russian Maritime Register of Ships. In April 2025, it underwent a Port State inspection in Turkey, which identified 11 deficiencies, ranging from working conditions to propulsion and safety of navigation.
The Swedish Transport Agency on Sunday, March 8, launched a new Port State inspection on the vessel. Based on its findings, they will decide if a detention order is appropriate.
Ukraine asserts the vessel loaded grain in Sevastopol, Crimea in July 2025. It considers any transportation from occupied Crimea a theft. It has sought to prosecute the captains and ships involved in the exports.
